Selasa, 15 September 2020

Published 14.34 by with 0 comment

Perilaku Penutur atau Penulis Bahasa Inggris

Perilaku Penutur atau Penulis Bahasa Inggris

 

 

Bahasa Inggris memiliki tiga mood. Indicative mood mengungkapkan pernyataan: I will go. Imperative mood mengungkapkan perintah langsung atau permintaan: Go do what I told you. Dalam kalimat dalam imperative mood, subyek yang dipahami selalu you. Subjunctive mood sekarang terutama digunakan untuk mengungkapkan keinginan dan kondisi bertentangan dengan fakta: I wish that I were at home. If I were you, I would leave now. Subjunctive seharusnya juga digunakan dalam klausa that yang mengungkapkan permintaan formal, resolusi, rekomendasi, keharusan, atau pergerakan: He moved that the motion be tabled.

Subjunctive mood menggunakan bentuk khusus dalam beberapa tenses, orang, dan jumlah verba be dan dalam orang ketiga tunggal, present, dan present perfect tenses dari semua verba. Tabel berikut menunjukkan variasi ini:

 

Subjunctive Mood: To Be

 

 

 

                         

SINGULAR                   

   PLURAL

PRESENT TENSE

I be [not am]                 

we be [not are]

                         

you be [not are]            

you be [not are]

                         

 

he, she, it be [not is]     

they be [not are]

PAST TENSE 

I were [not was]            

we were

                         

you were                       

you were

                         

 

he, she, it were [not was]

they were

PRESENT PERFECT

I have been                   

we have been

TENSE              

you have been              

you have been

                         

 

he, she, it have been [not has

they have been

PAST PERFECT TENSE

had been (all persons and numbers) 

 

Subjunctive Mood: To Speak

 

                         

SINGULAR                   

PLURAL

 

PRESENT TENSE

I speak                          

we speak

                         

you speak                     

you speak

                         

he, she, it speak [not speaks]

they speak

PAST TENSE 

I spoke                          

we spoke

                         

you spoke                     

you spoke

                         

he, she, it spoke            

they spoke

PRESENT PERFECT

I have spoken               

we have spoken

TENSE              

you have spoken          

you have spoken

                         

he, she, it have spoken [not 

they have spoken

                         

has spoken]

 

PAST PERFECT

had spoken (all persons and numbers)

       TENSE

Kalimat berikut menggambarkan penggunaan subjunctive yang benar:

I demand that this defendant be found guilty.

My lawyer has insisted that the judge have delivered her opinion by tomorrow morning.

If this woman be a citizen, as she claims, why have we found no public record of her existence?

They would not have asked that we be consulted if they were not interested in our opinions.

                   If Farouk were a Republican, he could not have been elected.  
 
Contoh yang lain:

        WRONG: The director advises that we are on time for the next meeting.

        RIGHT:     The director advises that we be on time for the next meeting.

WRONG:

The counselor has insisted that Tommy takes time to relax.

RIGHT:

The counselor has insisted that Tommy take time to relax.

WRONG:

Did the general urge that his troops fought?

RIGHT:

Did the general urge that his troops fight?

WRONG:

My father suggested that I didn’t buy a used car.

RIGHT:

My father suggested that I not buy a used car.

WRONG:

It is essential that each camper brings his own equipment.

RIGHT:

It is essential that each camper bring his own equipment.

WRONG:

Is it important that she finishes the typing today?

RIGHT:

Is it important that she finish the typing today?

WRONG:

Was it recommended that the young woman didn’t drive after dark?

RIGHT:

Was it recommended that the young woman not drive after dark?

WRONG:

It seemed urgent that the meeting began immediately.

RIGHT:

It seemed urgent that the meeting begin immediately.

WRONG:

Your request that the test is delayed has been denied.

RIGHT:

Your request that the test be delayed has been denied.

 

 Happy reading!

@EnglishKito

      edit

0 Comments:

Posting Komentar